Neuronal signaling research
1A 2025 experiment tested EDR alongside KED and AEDG. Its reported reductions in senescence markers concerned KED and AEDG, so those positive findings do not establish a Pinealon benefit.
Mind & sleep
Pinealon
EDR tripeptide
Lab studiesNerve-cell signaling1
No FDA-approved product identified for this exact research entry in the targeted review.
What does it do?
A Russian EDR bioregulator discussed for cognition and aging, with limited independently verified clinical evidence.
Approved & studied uses
Community uses Reported, unvalidated
Brain / cognition
18Brain-injury recovery, memory, attention and neuroprotection.
Aging
18DNA regulation, cellular protection and longevity claims.
Sleep
18Circadian, sleep and melatonin-pathway claims; nasal delivery theoretical.
Reasons people report using it; these do not establish benefit.18
Evidence limits
View research →No controlled human clinical benefit or validated human half-life was verified for EDR.1
2 distinct primary sources or abstracts checked. Evidence may concern a parent compound, individual blend ingredient, animal, or cell model; it does not necessarily establish a benefit for this exact product.
Evidence definitions →Key safety information
All risks →Evidence limitation
Cell experiments cannot establish human neurologic safety.1
No FDA-approved product identified for this exact research entry in the targeted review.
Length3 amino acids
Molecular weight · Da418.4 Da
Formula, sequence notation & identity
E–D–RGlu-Asp-Arg (EDR)
Parent peptide and acetate salt have different formulas and masses; a specific salt was not verified for the catalog product.
Pep-Pedia identity details
3 amino acids · 418.4 Da
Glu-Asp-Arg (EDR)Reference description; checked chemical identity above takes precedence when available.18
Pharmacokinetics
How long does it stay in the body?
Reported half-lifeHuman half-life not verified3
No numerical human elimination estimate was verified for the exact material in this review.
No numerical estimate was found in the checked data or Pep-Pedia profile. A curve would require an unsupported assumption.
What to expect
Study outcomes
Recent cell work requires compound-specific reading
No controlled human clinical benefit or validated human half-life was verified for EDR.1
Community poll 10 topics · Pep-Pedia snapshot
Voluntary, unverified reports. These percentages do not measure effectiveness or safety.
Experience
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
Duration of use
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
Age range
The source hides 2 additional categories. Their labels and percentages are unavailable.
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
Gender
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
Primary goal
The source hides 4 additional categories. Their labels and percentages are unavailable.
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
Effectiveness
The source hides 3 additional categories. Their labels and percentages are unavailable.
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
Side effects
The source hides 4 additional categories. Their labels and percentages are unavailable.
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
Dosage frequency
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
Would recommend
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
How discovered
Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.
Source & limitations
The source displays “436 responses” for this profile. This is not a confirmed participant count or a denominator for individual questions.
- Voluntary self-reports from Pep-Pedia visitors; identity, treatment, outcomes and timing are unverified. These data are not efficacy or safety estimates.
- The source displays a profile-wide response label, not a confirmed unique participant count. It stays unchanged across questions. Question-specific denominators and absolute option counts are not exposed.
- Only the top five categories are displayed for some questions. Extra categories are retained as an undisplayed-category count; their labels and percentages are unavailable.
- Displayed percentages are rounded. They may not total 100%, especially where categories are hidden.
- This is a dated snapshot, not a live survey or current recommendation.
Protocols
Doses & schedules
Compare purpose, amount, route, frequency, and duration.
Source corrections
Source route-superiority and mortality claims are not established by these pairings. Compatibility does not establish safety.
Route
Scroll to compare all columns →
| Route | Dose | Frequency | Goal / evidence | Duration | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SubQ | 5 mg daily | Once daily | NeuroprotectionReference report | 20 days | 18 |
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Source route-superiority and mortality claims are not established by these pairings. Compatibility does not establish safety. Source tabs Injectable | |||||
| SubQ | 100-300μg | Daily or every other day | Cognitive EnhancementReference report | 20 days | 18 |
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Source route-superiority and mortality claims are not established by these pairings. Compatibility does not establish safety. Source tabs Injectable | |||||
| SubQ | 5 mg daily | 20 days, 2-3x yearly | Anti-aging ProtocolReference report | 20 days | 18 |
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Source route-superiority and mortality claims are not established by these pairings. Compatibility does not establish safety. Source tabs Injectable | |||||
| OralOral - empty stomach | 0.2 mg twice daily | Morning and afternoon | Cognitive EnhancementReference report | 20-30 days | 18 |
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Source route-superiority and mortality claims are not established by these pairings. Compatibility does not establish safety. Source tabs Oral | |||||
| Oral | 0.2 mg twice daily | 30 minutes before meals | NeuroprotectionReference report | 20-30 days | 18 |
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Source route-superiority and mortality claims are not established by these pairings. Compatibility does not establish safety. Source tabs Oral | |||||
| Oral | 200μg daily | 7 days protocol | Sleep SupportReference report | 20-30 days | 18 |
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Source route-superiority and mortality claims are not established by these pairings. Compatibility does not establish safety. Source tabs Oral | |||||
| OtherResearch needed | Not specified | No clinical data | Experimental Use OnlyReference report | Not specified | 18 |
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Source route-superiority and mortality claims are not established by these pairings. Compatibility does not establish safety. Source tabs Nasal | |||||
No protocols match these filters.
Study and label doses retain their study context. Reference reports are unvalidated practices, not personal treatment instructions. Ranges remain ranges; escalation stages are labeled.
Reported use periods and breaks. These do not establish a safe cycle or prove that breaks prevent tolerance.
Injectable
- Use period
- 20 days
- Break
- 2-3 month rest periods
Reported timing
Morning administration aligns with circadian rhythms
Oral
- Use period
- 20-30 days
- Break
- 2-3 month rest periods
Reported timing
Upon waking and mid-afternoon
Nasal
- Use period
- Not established
- Break
- Not established
Reported timing
Research needed
Side effects & safety
Evidence limitation
Cell experiments cannot establish human neurologic safety.
1Citation reliability
The catalog’s purported human trial link points to an unrelated epilepsy review.
8Local / systemic
Injection irritation, GI upset, headaches and sleep/mood disturbances reported.
Stop symptoms
Infection, severe neurological/mood changes, persistent GI problems or allergy.
Nasal
No established formulation or human protocol.
Not a complete safety screen. Discuss health decisions with a qualified clinician.
Combinations & interactions
7 entriesCheck cautions and reported pairings. A compatibility claim does not establish that a combination is safe.
Melatonin
Caution reportedPossible sleep changes.18
Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: Monitor CombinationEpitalon
Unverified pairingUnproven longevity pairing.18
Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: SynergisticCortexin
Unverified pairingUnproven recovery pairing.18
Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: SynergisticThymalin
Unverified pairingUnstudied pairing.18
Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: CompatibleBPC-157
Unverified pairingUnstudied pairing.18
Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: CompatibleNAD+
Unverified pairingUnstudied pairing.18
Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: CompatibleOther medicines or peptides
Not establishedNo exact-product human interaction study was verified; lack of evidence is not evidence of safety.3
Research contextNo matching interactions. Try another name or filter.
Reconstitution
No product-specific preparation or stability instruction was verified. A dilution calculation does not establish suitability for injection.3
Reference preparation details
Reported handling information, not a validated formulation or instruction to prepare an injectable product.
Injectable
Pep-Pedia describes preparation for this route; product-specific stability has not been independently verified.
- Solvents mentioned
- Bacteriostatic water
- Reported parameters
- Source temperature: 2-8°C. · Reported post-preparation interval: 30 days.
The source describes gentle mixing and avoiding vigorous shaking.
Oral
The source describes capsules or tablets rather than reconstituted powder.
- Form
- Source describes a prepared product
- Reported parameters
- Reported timing: 30 minutes before meals. · Storage: dry room-temperature conditions.
Nasal
The source states that nasal formulations are not commercially available; it provides no preparation protocol.
Appearance & documentation
Appearance and a purity certificate cannot establish sterility, identity, or suitability for injection.
Reported appearanceWhite Crystalline PowderReported appearanceClear SolutionReported concernDiscolored Powder
18Available forms
No verified packaging examples included.
Packaging examples, not a market survey. Approved and research products are not interchangeable.
Storage after mixing
Reconstituted research vials
Pep-Pedia reports these handling limits after mixing. They are not validated stability or sterility limits for your vial.
Full storage notes from Pep-Pedia
18Refrigerate at 2-8°C, use within 30 days
Room temperature, cool dry place
Not applicable
Storage depends on the formulation, diluent, container, and handling. Follow the specific product label or pharmacist’s instructions.
Research findings
PreclinicalSource context
Source route-superiority and mortality claims are not established by these pairings. Compatibility does not establish safety.
Compound identity & other names
Pinealon is the Glu-Asp-Arg tripeptide studied in cellular stress and neurological models. Several human-study claims in the secondary bibliography require resolution because titles and links do not reliably identify matching trials.
No FDA-approved product identified for this exact research entry in the targeted review.
How it may work
Proposed gene-expression, antioxidant and neuronal receptor effects; route-specific delivery claims need confirmation.18
Recent cell work requires compound-specific reading
A 2025 experiment tested EDR alongside KED and AEDG. Its reported reductions in senescence markers concerned KED and AEDG, so those positive findings do not establish a Pinealon benefit.
1Earlier experimental evidence
The 2021 EDR/KED paper reports neuronal spine findings in preclinical systems. KED-specific animal administration cannot be copied into a Pinealon human protocol.
2Research areas and evidence gaps
Neuronal signaling research. A 2025 experiment tested EDR alongside KED and AEDG. Its reported reductions in senescence markers concerned KED and AEDG, so those positive findings do not establish a Pinealon benefit.1
- No controlled human clinical benefit or validated human half-life was verified for EDR.
- A product-specific research-vial quantity was not independently verified in this review.
Community reports Unvalidated
Pep-Pedia discusses neuroprotection research.3
Editorial summary, not a measured community survey, clinical protocol or recommendation.
Search coverage and review status
Added recent compound-specific cell evidence and the correctly identified 2021 paper. Multiple supplied links resolve to unrelated publications and are flagged.
- Checked
- 2026-10-12
- Search
- "pinealon" 2025 2026; EDR neuronal differentiation 2025
- Catalog
- Pep-Pedia ↗ · 14 listed references retained
- Targeted search and selected primary-source checks, not an exhaustive systematic review.
- Preserved bibliography entries marked unreviewed have not had their findings independently verified.
AI-prepared summaries. Independent medical editorial review is pending.
References
Original sources and review status. Open a reference to read its summary.
1The Influence of Short Peptides on Cell Senescence and Neuronal DifferentiationPrimary source checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
The experiment tested EDR, KED and AEDG in induced neuronal cells. The abstract attributes reduced senescence markers to KED and AEDG; that result should not be reassigned to EDR/Pinealon.
Recent cell work requires compound-specific reading
A 2025 experiment tested EDR alongside KED and AEDG. Its reported reductions in senescence markers concerned KED and AEDG, so those positive findings do not establish a Pinealon benefit.
Additional research · Checked 2026-10-12
2Neuroprotective Effects of Tripeptides—Epigenetic Regulators in Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s DiseasePrimary source checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
The paper studied EDR and KED in experimental neuronal and Alzheimer-model systems, reporting dendritic-spine findings; the in vivo KED regimen is not an EDR regimen.
Earlier experimental evidence
The 2021 EDR/KED paper reports neuronal spine findings in preclinical systems. KED-specific animal administration cannot be copied into a Pinealon human protocol.
Additional research · Checked 2026-10-12
3Pep-Pedia: PinealonCommunity source checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Secondary editorial profile and reported practices; not clinical validation.
45xFAD Alzheimer’s Mouse Model (2021)Pep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: The source describes preserved dendritic spines and reduced inflammatory signaling in Alzheimer-model mice; human cognition was not tested.
Reported population / model
5xFAD mice
Reported study details
400 μg/kg IP daily · 28 days · Dendritic spine preservation
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
5Diabetic Rat Model - Spatial Learning (2020)Pep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: Diabetic rats reportedly learned spatial tasks better at low exposure, with altered hippocampal NMDA expression.
Reported population / model
Diabetic rats
Reported study details
100 ng/kg optimal dose · 14 days · NMDA receptor expression increased
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
6Antioxidant System Modulation (2019)Supplied PMID links to an unrelated hospital-mobility articlePep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: The source describes concentration-dependent reactive-oxygen and cell-cycle changes; clinical neuroprotection is not established.
Reported population / model
Cell culture and animal models
Reported study details
50-100 μg daily · 14 days · ROS reduction and cellular protection
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here. Supplied PMID links to an unrelated hospital-mobility article
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
7Insomnia Clinical Protocol (2018)Pep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: A 45-person sleep protocol is claimed to improve sleep over seven days; study design and absence-of-dependency claims require verification.
Reported population / model
45 patients with sleep disorders
Reported study details
200 μg daily · 7 days · Sleep quality improvement
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
8Human Clinical Trial - Post-Traumatic Cerebrasthenia (2015)Supplied PMID links to an unrelated epilepsy reviewPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: The source reports better memory, headaches and emotional measures after traumatic brain injury; allocation and control-group details need confirmation.
Reported population / model
72 patients aged 30-74
Reported study details
0.2mg twice daily · 20-30 days · Significant cognitive improvement
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here. Supplied PMID links to an unrelated epilepsy review
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
9Aging Study - Polymorbidity Patients (2015)Supplied link points to an unrelated tuberculosis auditPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: Biomarker changes described as improved biological age were reported in 32 patients; such measures do not establish slower aging or clinical benefit.
Reported population / model
32 patients aged 41-83
Reported study details
Variable dosing · 30 days · Anabolic effects and biological age improvement
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here. Supplied link points to an unrelated tuberculosis audit
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
10Peptides and aging: Bioregulation of genome activityLinked reference · Not independently reviewed
REFERENCE NOTE
Reference retained from Pep-Pedia’s bibliography; findings and bibliographic accuracy have not been independently verified.
Pep-Pedia bibliography · Checked 2026-10-12
11Dose-dependent effects of peptide bioregulators on spatial learning in diabetic ratsPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: Diabetic rats reportedly learned spatial tasks better at low exposure, with altered hippocampal NMDA expression.
Reported population / model
Diabetic rats
Reported study details
100 ng/kg optimal dose · 14 days · NMDA receptor expression increased
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
12Peptides EDR and KED prevent dendritic spine elimination in 5xFAD micePep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: The source describes preserved dendritic spines and reduced inflammatory signaling in Alzheimer-model mice; human cognition was not tested.
Reported population / model
5xFAD mice
Reported study details
400 μg/kg IP daily · 28 days · Dendritic spine preservation
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
13Molecular mechanisms of peptide bioregulation in agingSupplied link points to an unrelated dermatology caseLinked reference · Not independently reviewed
REFERENCE NOTE
The supplied link resolves to A rare case report of graft-versus-host disease–related cutaneous horns of the lower lip. It does not support the listed peptide claim; retained to document the citation mismatch.
Pep-Pedia bibliography · Checked 2026-10-12
14Peptide bioregulators and aging: Results of clinical studiesSupplied PMID links to an unrelated epilepsy reviewPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: The source reports better memory, headaches and emotional measures after traumatic brain injury; allocation and control-group details need confirmation.
Reported population / model
72 patients aged 30-74
Reported study details
0.2mg twice daily · 20-30 days · Significant cognitive improvement
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here. Supplied PMID links to an unrelated epilepsy review
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
15Neuroprotective effects of synthetic peptides in cellular models of neurodegenerationSupplied PMID links to an unrelated hospital-mobility articlePep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: The source describes concentration-dependent reactive-oxygen and cell-cycle changes; clinical neuroprotection is not established.
Reported population / model
Cell culture and animal models
Reported study details
50-100 μg daily · 14 days · ROS reduction and cellular protection
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here. Supplied PMID links to an unrelated hospital-mobility article
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
16Circadian rhythm regulation by peptide bioregulators in sleep disordersPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Pep-Pedia reports: A 45-person sleep protocol is claimed to improve sleep over seven days; study design and absence-of-dependency claims require verification.
Reported population / model
45 patients with sleep disorders
Reported study details
200 μg daily · 7 days · Sleep quality improvement
Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.
Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12
17Multi-peptide geroprotective protocols: Long-term clinical outcomesSupplied link points to an unrelated bioinformatics paperLinked reference · Not independently reviewed
REFERENCE NOTE
The supplied link resolves to BioProfiling.jl: profiling biological perturbations with high-content imaging in single cells and heterogeneous populations. It does not support the listed peptide claim; retained to document the citation mismatch.
Pep-Pedia bibliography · Checked 2026-10-12
18Pep-Pedia: Pinealon — route-specific referenceReference page checked; underlying claims require separate verification.Community source checked
AI-PREPARED SUMMARY
Source page checked across available routes. Protocols, cycles, storage, mechanisms and pairing claims are secondary reports; checking the page does not independently validate those claims. Original concise summaries are used here.
Content coverage audit · Checked 2026-10-12